LIX. The van der Waals Formula (and the Latent Heat of Vaporization)

The van der Waals interaction

The interaction between charged particles via the Coulomb interaction is one of the most important features in physics and is familiar to any student of the subject. The way in which electrons and protons bind to form the hydrogen atom is also well known and is a staple of any quantum mechanics course. However, less familiar is the interaction between such bound systems at separation R, which i...

Van der Waals density functional: Self-consistent potential and the nature of the van der Waals bond

T. Thonhauser,1 Valentino R. Cooper,1 Shen Li,1 Aaron Puzder,1 Per Hyldgaard,2 and David C. Langreth1 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA 2Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Received 16 March 2007; revised manuscript received 3 July 2007...

Dynamic van der Waals theory.

We present a dynamic van der Waals theory starting with entropy and energy functional with gradient contributions. The resultant hydrodynamic equations contain the stress arising from the density gradient. It provides a general scheme of two-phase hydrodynamics involving the gas-liquid transition in nonuniform temperature. Some complex hydrodynamic processes with evaporation and condensation ar...

Interpretation of van der Waals density functionals

The nonlocal correlation energy in the van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) method can be interpreted in terms of a coupling of zero-point energies of characteristic modes of semilocal exchange-correlation (xc) holes. These xc holes reflect the internal functional in the framework of the vdW-DF method. We explore the internal xc hole components, showing that they share properties with thos...

Numerical Modelling of van der Waals Fluids